Day 7: 10 minutes from a hospital

How much of Canada is within a 10-minute drive from a hospital in Statistics Canada's inventory?

Hospital and drive area

Loading hospital drive areas

Hospital and drive areaHospital without a drive area

The pink areas contain an estimated 65.9% of Canada's census population and cover just 0.37% of its land. Follow the clusters across southern Canada, then look for isolated patches around northern communities. Click a hospital to see its name, the size of its drive area and the number of residents estimated to live inside.

Statistics Canada's 2020 inventory lists 1,140 facilities as hospitals. Of these, 1,044 have a drive area on the map. Another 93 have no coordinates in the source, and unmap returned no area for 3 with coordinates, shown as open circles. The inventory may miss some facilities. Its hospital category includes facilities that do not have an emergency department open around the clock.

How it's made

One basemap and one layer. This is the whole map, minus the legend.

import { createMap } from '@unmap/sdk'

const key = 'um_pk_live_...'
const map = createMap({ key, container: '#map', style: 'muted' })

// Build ten-minute car isochrones, tile the areas and markers, then upload hospitals.pmtiles
// through Dashboard > Data. Use a browser key from the account that owns the overlay.
const tiles = 'https://api.unmap.dev/byod/ovl_.../{z}/{x}/{y}?key=' + key

map.on('load', () => {
  const labels = map.getStyle().layers.find((layer) => layer.type === 'symbol')?.id
  map.addSource('hospitals', { type: 'vector', tiles: [tiles], minzoom: 0, maxzoom: 10 })
  map.addLayer({
    id: 'drive-areas',
    type: 'fill',
    source: 'hospitals',
    'source-layer': 'hospital_areas',
    paint: { 'fill-color': '#FF3E9A', 'fill-opacity': 0.5 },
  }, labels)
  map.addLayer({
    id: 'hospital-points',
    type: 'circle',
    source: 'hospitals',
    'source-layer': 'hospital_markers',
    paint: { 'circle-color': '#FF3E9A', 'circle-radius': 3 },
  })
})

We asked unmap for the area reachable in 10 minutes by car starting at each hospital. The routing graph covers Canada only and estimates driving in free-flow conditions, without traffic. In fly-in communities, the shapes follow the local roads. We joined the 2021 Census block counts to Statistics Canada's block representative points. Each block's published count goes with its point, which approximates where its residents live. The national total counts each block once, even where drive areas overlap, and uses the census total of 36,991,981. We combined the drive areas, clipped them to the census cartographic land boundary, and divided by Canada's 8,788,702.80 km² of land. Hospital popups show the full drive area before the national land clip. The map loads the drive areas and markers as vector tiles from an unmap BYOD overlay. A small file supplies the national totals and the figures in each hospital popup.

Data

Hospitals: Statistics Canada, Open Database of Healthcare Facilities. Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence - Canada.
Population and land: Statistics Canada, Geographic Attribute File, Census Boundary Files and table 98-10-0001-01. Used under the Statistics Canada Open Licence.

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